1,10-Phenanthroline is widely used as a chelating agent in coordination chemistry, particularly for forming stable complexes with metal ions such as iron, copper, and zinc. These complexes are utilized in various analytical applications, including spectrophotometric determination of metal concentrations in environmental and biological samples. It also serves as a key component in redox indicators for titrations, where its color change helps identify the endpoint of reactions. Additionally, 1,10-Phenanthroline is employed in the synthesis of catalysts for organic transformations and in the study of electron transfer processes in biochemical systems. Its ability to bind DNA makes it useful in biochemical research for investigating nucleic acid interactions and structural properties.