N-Hydroxyphthalimide (NOP) is widely used as a catalyst in oxidation reactions, particularly in the selective oxidation of hydrocarbons. It plays a crucial role in converting alkanes and alkyl aromatics into their corresponding alcohols, ketones, and acids, which are valuable intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and fine chemicals. Its ability to facilitate these reactions under mild conditions makes it highly efficient and environmentally friendly.

In polymer chemistry, N-Hydroxyphthalimide is employed as a mediator in controlled radical polymerization processes. It helps in achieving precise control over molecular weight and polymer structure, which is essential for producing high-performance materials with specific properties.

Additionally, NOP is utilized in organic synthesis as a reagent for the preparation of various nitrogen-containing compounds. Its versatility in forming stable intermediates makes it a valuable tool in the development of complex organic molecules.

In environmental applications, N-Hydroxyphthalimide is studied for its potential in degrading pollutants through advanced oxidation processes. Its catalytic properties enable the breakdown of harmful organic compounds, contributing to cleaner water and air.