Dexrazoxane HCl is primarily used as a cardioprotective agent in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, particularly those receiving anthracycline-based drugs like doxorubicin. It works by chelating iron and preventing the formation of free radicals, which are responsible for the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines. This helps reduce the risk of heart damage, such as cardiomyopathy, in patients receiving long-term or high-dose anthracycline therapy. It is often administered intravenously before chemotherapy to provide protective benefits. Dexrazoxane HCl is also used in the treatment of extravasation injuries caused by anthracycline leakage into surrounding tissues during intravenous administration, helping to minimize tissue damage. Its application is critical in improving the safety and tolerability of chemotherapy regimens, especially for patients with pre-existing heart conditions or those requiring prolonged treatment.