1-Benzylpiperidine-3,5-dione is primarily utilized in the field of organic synthesis and pharmaceutical research. It serves as a key intermediate in the development of various biologically active compounds, particularly those targeting neurological and psychiatric disorders. Its structure is often exploited in the design of molecules that interact with central nervous system receptors, making it valuable in the study of potential treatments for conditions like anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments. Additionally, it is used in the synthesis of complex heterocyclic compounds, which are essential in medicinal chemistry for drug discovery and development. Researchers also explore its potential as a precursor for creating novel therapeutic agents with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects.