(S)-1,5-Dimethylpiperazin-2-one hydrochloride is primarily utilized in pharmaceutical research and development. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various biologically active compounds, particularly those targeting neurological disorders. Its structural properties make it valuable in the creation of molecules that interact with specific receptors in the brain, potentially aiding in the treatment of conditions like anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments. Additionally, it is explored in the development of novel drugs due to its chiral nature, which can enhance the efficacy and selectivity of therapeutic agents.