Cobalt(II) oxalate is primarily used in the production of cobalt metal and cobalt-based alloys. It serves as a precursor in the synthesis of cobalt powders, which are essential for manufacturing superalloys used in aerospace and gas turbine engines due to their high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance.

In the ceramics industry, it is utilized as a pigment to produce blue and green colors in glazes and porcelain. Its thermal decomposition properties make it suitable for creating fine cobalt oxide particles, which are integral in producing vibrant and stable ceramic colors.

Additionally, cobalt(II) oxalate finds application in catalysts for chemical reactions, particularly in organic synthesis and hydrogenation processes. Its role in catalysis is attributed to the cobalt ions' ability to facilitate electron transfer and promote reaction efficiency.

In research, it is employed in studies related to material science and solid-state chemistry, particularly in investigating thermal decomposition mechanisms and the formation of cobalt-based nanomaterials. Its controlled decomposition is also explored for producing cobalt nanoparticles with specific properties for advanced technological applications.