Pilaralisib (XL147) is primarily investigated for its potential in cancer treatment, particularly in targeting the PI3K pathway, which is often dysregulated in various cancers. It is studied in clinical trials for its efficacy in treating solid tumors, including breast, lung, and ovarian cancers. By inhibiting PI3K, it aims to disrupt cancer cell growth and survival. Additionally, it is explored in combination therapies to enhance the effectiveness of other anticancer drugs. Research continues to assess its safety, tolerability, and therapeutic benefits in diverse cancer types.