AZD8186 is a potent and selective inhibitor of the PI3Kβ (phosphoinositide 3-kinase beta) isoform, primarily investigated for its role in oncology research. It is used to study cancers that exhibit dysregulation in the PI3K signaling pathway, especially tumors with PTEN deficiency or PIK3CB amplification, where PI3Kβ activity drives tumor growth and survival. By selectively inhibiting PI3Kβ, AZD8186 helps suppress downstream signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism. It has been utilized in preclinical models to evaluate antitumor efficacy, both as a monotherapy and in combination with other targeted agents or chemotherapy. Its selectivity over other PI3K isoforms reduces the potential for off-target toxicities, making it a valuable tool compound in understanding isoform-specific roles of PI3K in cancer biology. Research with AZD8186 supports the development of targeted therapies for genetically defined cancer populations, particularly in prostate, breast, and ovarian cancers with specific molecular alterations.