Bufalin is primarily used in research and experimental settings due to its potent biological activity. It has been studied for its potential anticancer properties, particularly in inhibiting the growth of various cancer cell lines, including liver, breast, and prostate cancers. The compound works by inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells, making it a subject of interest in developing novel cancer therapies. Additionally, bufalin has been explored for its effects on heart function, as it can influence cardiac muscle contraction and may have implications in treating certain cardiovascular conditions. Its role in traditional medicine, particularly in Chinese practices, has also sparked interest in its broader pharmacological applications. However, due to its high toxicity, careful handling and further research are essential before any clinical use.