(−)-Huperzine A is primarily used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia due to its ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine. By preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, it helps to enhance cognitive function, memory, and learning abilities in patients with neurodegenerative conditions. Additionally, it has been explored for its neuroprotective properties, which may help in reducing oxidative stress and preventing neuronal damage. It is also studied for its potential benefits in improving symptoms of myasthenia gravis and enhancing general cognitive performance in healthy individuals.