α-Hederin is widely studied for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the field of cancer research. It has shown promising anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in various cancer cell lines, including breast, liver, lung, and colon cancers. Its mechanism often involves the inhibition of cell proliferation and the activation of signaling pathways that lead to cancer cell death.

Additionally, α-Hederin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, making it a candidate for treating infections and inflammatory conditions. It has been explored for its ability to modulate immune responses and reduce inflammation in certain diseases. Its potential in combating multidrug-resistant pathogens is also an area of ongoing research.

In traditional medicine, extracts containing α-Hederin have been used for their expectorant and bronchodilator effects, aiding in the treatment of respiratory conditions like bronchitis and asthma.

Furthermore, α-Hederin has been investigated for neuroprotective effects, including the protection of neuronal cells and reduction of damage from oxidative stress, suggesting potential applications in neurological disorders.