Used in research for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, particularly in autoimmune disease models such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Investigated for anticancer activity due to its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor cell proliferation in various cancer types, including pancreatic, ovarian, and leukemia. Also studied for antifibrotic effects in liver and lung disease models. Its application is limited by toxicity and narrow therapeutic window, prompting development of derivatives and delivery systems to improve safety and efficacy.