Picroside I is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry due to its significant neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. It is commonly employed in the development of drugs targeting liver disorders, including hepatitis and liver fibrosis, where it helps reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Its ability to scavenge free radicals makes it valuable in formulations aimed at protecting neural tissues, particularly in ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Additionally, Picroside I exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, supporting its use in treating various chronic inflammatory diseases. It is also utilized in herbal medicine standardization, especially in formulations derived from Picrorhiza kurroa, ensuring consistent therapeutic efficacy. Research is ongoing into its potential as an adjuvant in cancer therapy due to its ability to modulate cellular defense mechanisms.