Polyphyllin B is widely studied for its potent anticancer properties. It has shown strong activity against various cancer cell lines, including liver, lung, breast, and colorectal cancers, by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation. The compound also disrupts cancer cell migration and invasion, suggesting potential use in preventing metastasis. Additionally, Polyphyllin B enhances the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy drugs by reversing multidrug resistance in tumor cells. Beyond oncology, it exhibits anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, making it a candidate for development in treating chronic inflammatory diseases and certain infections. Research is ongoing to explore its efficacy in targeted drug delivery systems and combination therapies.