Pristimerin is primarily studied for its potent biological activities, especially in the field of cancer research. It exhibits strong anti-cancer properties by inducing apoptosis in various tumor cell lines, including those of breast, prostate, lung, and leukemia cancers. It acts through multiple pathways, such as inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing proteasome activity, which are critical for cancer cell survival and proliferation. In addition to its anticancer effects, pristimerin shows significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. It has been investigated for its ability to reduce inflammation by blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes like COX-2. Its antimicrobial action extends to bacteria, fungi, and parasites, making it a candidate for development as an anti-infective agent. Recent studies also suggest pristimerin may have applications in treating metabolic and autoimmune disorders due to its modulatory effects on cellular inflammation and immune responses. However, its use remains largely experimental, with ongoing research focused on improving its solubility, stability, and delivery for potential therapeutic use.