Oridonin is primarily studied for its potent anti-cancer properties. It induces apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, including leukemia, breast, liver, and colon cancers, by modulating signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K/Akt. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes like COX-2, making it a candidate for treating chronic inflammatory diseases. Additionally, oridonin shows antimicrobial and antiviral activities, with research exploring its potential in managing infections. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, it is being investigated for neuroprotective applications in conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Ongoing research focuses on improving its bioavailability and delivery for therapeutic use.