Niranthin is primarily studied for its potential in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. It has shown cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, particularly in liver and breast cancer models, by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties also make it a candidate for development in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. Additionally, research explores its use in antiviral applications, especially against hepatitis B virus, where it may suppress viral replication. Due to its natural origin and bioactivity, it is being evaluated as a lead compound for designing novel derivatives with enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced toxicity.