Nardosinone is primarily studied for its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. It has shown potential in promoting nerve growth factor (NGF) activity, which plays a key role in the survival and function of neurons, making it of interest in the research of neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. It also exhibits antidepressant-like effects in preclinical models, possibly through modulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and hippocampal function. Additionally, nardosinone has demonstrated anti-cancer activity in certain cell lines by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier enhances its potential as a candidate for central nervous system-targeted therapies. Research is ongoing to explore its full pharmacological profile and therapeutic applications.