Nitidine chloride exhibits significant biological activity, making it valuable in research and potential therapeutic applications. It is primarily studied for its anticancer properties, showing strong inhibitory effects against various cancer cell lines, including liver, lung, breast, and cervical cancers. The compound induces apoptosis and arrests the cell cycle by interfering with key signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK. It also demonstrates anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, suggesting utility in treating infections and inflammatory conditions. Additionally, nitidine chloride has been investigated for its antimalarial effects, showing efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for malaria. Due to its ability to intercalate DNA and inhibit topoisomerases, it serves as a lead compound in drug development. However, its application is currently limited to preclinical research due to concerns about toxicity and bioavailability. Efforts are ongoing to develop derivatives with improved safety and pharmacokinetic profiles.