Fangchinoline is primarily studied for its potential in cancer therapy due to its ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines. It shows activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cells by modulating drug efflux pumps, making it a candidate for overcoming chemotherapy resistance. Additionally, fangchinoline exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which are being explored in the context of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation. Research also indicates antiviral properties, particularly against certain enveloped viruses, suggesting possible use in antiviral treatments. Its cardiovascular effects, including anti-arrhythmic and blood pressure-lowering potential, are under investigation, although these applications remain largely in preclinical stages.