Fangchinoline is primarily studied for its potential in cancer treatment due to its ability to inhibit the growth of various tumor cells. It has shown activity against lung, liver, breast, and cervical cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and blocking cell cycle progression. The compound also exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, making it a candidate for managing autoimmune and chronic inflammatory conditions. Additionally, fangchinoline has demonstrated antiviral properties, particularly against viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B, by interfering with viral replication. It is also investigated for its neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases, where it may help reduce oxidative stress and neuronal damage. Due to its ability to reverse multidrug resistance in cancer cells, it is being explored as an adjuvant in chemotherapy to enhance the effectiveness of conventional drugs.