Cepharanthine is primarily used in research for its anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. It has shown potential in inhibiting the replication of several viruses, including coronaviruses, by interfering with viral entry and fusion processes. Studies suggest it may modulate cellular pathways involved in immune response, making it a candidate for adjunct therapy in viral infections. It is also investigated for its anticancer effects, where it demonstrates the ability to reverse multidrug resistance in tumor cells, enhancing the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy agents. This activity is linked to its influence on membrane transport proteins that pump drugs out of cancer cells. Additionally, cepharanthine has been explored for treating autoimmune and inflammatory conditions due to its ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulate oxidative stress. Its broad biological activity profile makes it a subject of interest in developing treatments for complex diseases.