Purpurin is a natural anthraquinone dye primarily used as a colorimetric reagent in analytical chemistry for spectrophotometric determination of elements such as boron (B) and lead (Pb). It forms colored complexes that enable sensitive detection in various samples. In the textile industry, it serves as a natural dye for coloring fabrics like wool and silk, providing a vibrant red hue ideal for traditional and eco-friendly dyeing processes. Additionally, purpurin is employed in histology as a biological stain to identify calcium deposits in tissues. It shows potential as an eco-friendly pigment for paints and inks. Recent research explores its semiconducting properties in organic electronics for solar cells and other devices. Purpurin also exhibits antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, with applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and potential anti-cancer therapies.