Shikonin is widely used in the medical, cosmetic, and food industries due to its diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. In medicine, it is a potential candidate for treating various diseases, such as certain cancers and infections, with studies showing its ability to inhibit tumor growth and enhance chemotherapy effectiveness. In traditional medicine, it promotes wound healing and reduces inflammation. In cosmetics, its antioxidant properties protect skin from oxidative stress and aging, and it is incorporated into skincare products to improve health, reduce scars, and enhance smoothness. Its natural pigment serves as a dye in cosmetics and textiles. In the food industry, shikonin acts as a natural preservative by effectively inhibiting microbial growth.