Saikosaponin B1 is widely utilized in the field of traditional and modern medicine due to its diverse biological activities. It is primarily recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties, making it a valuable component in treatments aimed at reducing inflammation-related conditions such as arthritis and other autoimmune diseases. Additionally, Saikosaponin B1 exhibits significant antiviral capabilities, particularly against viruses like hepatitis B and influenza, by inhibiting viral replication and enhancing the immune response. In the realm of cancer research, Saikosaponin B1 has shown promise as an anticancer agent. It induces apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, including liver, lung, and breast cancer cells, thereby offering potential therapeutic benefits in oncology. Its ability to modulate signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival further underscores its utility in cancer treatment strategies. Moreover, Saikosaponin B1 is employed in hepatoprotective therapies. It aids in protecting liver cells from damage caused by toxins and oxidative stress, making it beneficial in managing liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis. Its antioxidant properties contribute to the neutralization of free radicals, thereby reducing cellular damage and promoting overall liver health. In summary, Saikosaponin B1 is a versatile compound with significant applications in anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, and hepatoprotective therapies, making it a valuable asset in both traditional and contemporary medical practices.