Sodium polyacrylate is widely used as a superabsorbent polymer due to its ability to absorb and retain extremely large amounts of water relative to its own mass. It is most commonly found in disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, and adult incontinence products, where it locks in moisture and helps keep surfaces dry.

It is also used in agriculture to improve soil moisture retention, reducing the need for frequent irrigation. In horticulture, it helps maintain water availability in potting soils and reduces plant stress during dry periods.

In industrial applications, sodium polyacrylate serves as a thickening agent in water-based paints, adhesives, and cosmetics. It is used in concrete to improve workability and water retention during curing.

Additionally, it finds use in wastewater treatment by promoting flocculation, helping remove suspended solids from water. Its absorbent properties are also utilized in spill control products and water-blocking tapes in the cable industry.