Used as a pigment in high-performance coatings and inks due to excellent thermal stability and resistance to UV degradation. Commonly applied in automotive paints and industrial coatings where durability and color retention are critical. Also functions as a semiconductor material in organic photovoltaics and thin-film transistors owing to its strong light absorption and charge transport properties. Employed in gas sensors for detecting volatile organic compounds because of its sensitivity to changes in electrical conductivity upon exposure to specific gases. Additionally, utilized in photodynamic therapy research as a photosensitizer that generates reactive oxygen species under light irradiation.