Used primarily in the synthesis of high-performance organic semiconductors and n-type conjugated polymers for electronic devices such as organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Its rigid, planar structure enhances π-π stacking, improving charge carrier mobility. Also serves as a building block in the preparation of perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives, which are valued for their thermal stability, strong electron-accepting properties, and use in dyes, pigments, and fluorescent probes. Additionally, employed in coordination chemistry to form metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with unique optoelectronic behaviors.