Used in organic electronics, particularly in perovskite solar cells as a surface passivating agent to improve device efficiency and stability. It helps reduce interfacial defects and suppress non-radiative recombination, leading to higher open-circuit voltage and overall performance. Also applied in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to enhance charge transport and emission efficiency. Its hydrochloride form improves solubility and processability in common organic solvents, facilitating uniform film formation in thin-film devices.