Used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells as a precursor for 2D/3D perovskite structure formation, enhancing device stability and efficiency. Acts as a surface passivating agent to reduce defect density at grain boundaries in perovskite films. Also employed in optoelectronic devices due to its ability to tune band alignment and improve charge transport. Shows potential in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and photodetectors owing to its favorable exciton binding energy and film-forming properties.