Used as a highly efficient photoinitiator in UV-curable systems, particularly in free radical and cationic polymerization processes. It exhibits strong absorption in the near-UV to visible light range, enabling curing under low-energy light sources, including LED lamps. Commonly applied in dental composites, coatings, inks, and adhesives where deep curing, low yellowing, and high stability are required. Its donor-acceptor molecular structure enhances electron transfer, improving initiation efficiency and reducing required concentrations. Also explored in 3D printing resins for improved surface quality and mechanical properties.