Used primarily as a photoinitiator in UV-curable formulations. It is effective in free radical polymerization processes, especially in coatings, inks, and adhesives that require rapid curing under ultraviolet light. Its good thermal stability and efficient radical generation make it suitable for clear coatings and pigmented systems. Also used in 3D printing resins and dental composites due to its ability to initiate curing at lower UV intensity. Shows low yellowing after curing, which is beneficial in applications requiring optical clarity.