Widely used as a photoinitiator in UV-curable systems, especially in coatings, inks, and adhesives. It is highly effective in free radical polymerization when exposed to UV or visible light, offering rapid curing even under low-intensity radiation. Commonly found in dental composites and 3D printing resins due to its ability to initiate curing at longer wavelengths and provide deep penetration. Shows excellent performance in pigmented systems where light absorption is a challenge. Also used in combination with other photoinitiators to enhance surface cure and overall efficiency.