Used as a chelating agent in water treatment to prevent scale and corrosion by binding metal ions such as calcium and iron. Effective in industrial cooling systems and boilers where it helps maintain heat transfer efficiency and prolongs equipment life. Also utilized in detergents and cleaning formulations to enhance performance in hard water by preventing metal-induced precipitation. Shows application in cosmetics and personal care products as a stabilizer to protect against metal-catalyzed degradation of active ingredients. Its strong affinity for metal surfaces makes it suitable for surface treatment processes in metal finishing industries.