Widely used as a ligand in homogeneous catalysis, particularly in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Its unique electronic and steric properties enhance catalyst stability and reactivity, making it effective in Suzuki, Negishi, and Buchwald–Hartwig aminations. The ferrocene backbone provides rigidity and tunable coordination geometry, which improves selectivity and turnover in asymmetric synthesis. Commonly employed in pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturing where high catalytic efficiency and functional group tolerance are required.