cis-trans Nepetalactone is a natural compound found in catnip (Nepeta cataria), which elicits specific behavioral responses in cats, such as rubbing, rolling, or temporary excitement. It is primarily used as a cat attractant in pet products, especially in toys and scratching posts, to stimulate play and exercise in domestic cats.

In addition, it possesses insect-repelling properties, particularly against mosquitoes and flies, with some studies showing greater effectiveness than DEET. Due to its volatile nature and low toxicity to humans, it is investigated for use in natural insect repellents, such as creams or sprays.

Research also examines its role in reducing stress and promoting sleep in experimental animals, though data is insufficient for widespread human use. It shows potential in behavioral studies on feline olfactory responses and in aromatherapy research for calming effects on certain animals.