Used in organic synthesis as a versatile intermediate for constructing complex molecules, particularly in the development of pharmaceuticals and bioactive compounds. It serves as a key building block in the preparation of ligands for metal coordination chemistry, aiding in the creation of catalysts for various chemical reactions. Its epoxy group allows for further functionalization, making it valuable in designing molecules with specific properties for research and industrial applications. Additionally, it is employed in the study of electron transfer processes and photophysical properties due to its phenanthroline backbone.