Cinacalcet hydrochloride is primarily used in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease who are on dialysis. It helps to lower elevated levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by increasing the sensitivity of calcium-sensing receptors in the parathyroid gland. This regulation aids in maintaining calcium and phosphorus balance in the blood, reducing the risk of bone disorders and cardiovascular complications associated with chronic kidney disease.

Additionally, it is prescribed for the management of hypercalcemia in patients with parathyroid carcinoma, a rare cancer of the parathyroid glands. By controlling calcium levels, it alleviates symptoms such as bone pain, fractures, and kidney stones. Cinacalcet hydrochloride is also used in cases of primary hyperparathyroidism when surgery is not an option, providing a non-invasive approach to managing the condition. Its ability to modulate calcium and PTH levels makes it a valuable therapeutic agent in these clinical settings.