Dutasteride is primarily used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition characterized by an enlarged prostate gland. It works by inhibiting the enzyme 5-alpha reductase, which reduces the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone that contributes to prostate growth. By lowering DHT levels, dutasteride helps shrink the prostate, alleviating symptoms such as difficulty urinating, frequent urination, and weak urine flow.

Additionally, dutasteride is sometimes prescribed to manage male pattern baldness (androgenetic alopecia) due to its ability to reduce DHT, which is linked to hair follicle shrinkage and hair loss. It is often used when other treatments, like minoxidil or finasteride, are ineffective.

In some cases, dutasteride is employed as part of combination therapy with alpha-blockers to enhance symptom relief in BPH patients. Its long-term use requires monitoring due to potential side effects, such as decreased libido or sexual dysfunction. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting or adjusting treatment.