Cyclopentolate hydrochloride is primarily used in ophthalmology as a mydriatic and cycloplegic agent. It is applied in eye examinations to dilate the pupil, allowing for a better view of the retina and other internal eye structures. This dilation is crucial for diagnosing conditions such as uveitis, retinal detachment, and other ocular diseases. Additionally, it is used to relax the eye's focusing muscles, which helps in accurately determining refractive errors like myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. The compound is also employed in the management of inflammatory eye conditions to prevent the formation of synechiae, which are abnormal adhesions between the iris and the lens. Its rapid onset and relatively short duration of action make it a preferred choice in clinical settings for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.