Used primarily in chemotherapy, especially for treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It works by inhibiting topoisomerase II, an enzyme involved in DNA replication and repair, leading to DNA breakage and cancer cell death. Often used in combination with other anticancer agents when resistance to first-line treatments occurs. Also investigated for use in brain tumors and other refractory cancers due to its ability to penetrate the central nervous system. Administered intravenously in hospital settings under close medical supervision because of potential toxicity and side effects.