Used primarily as a rapid-acting vasodilator in the management of hypertensive emergencies. It selectively activates dopamine D1 receptors, leading to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, particularly in renal, coronary, and mesenteric arteries. This action helps lower blood pressure while maintaining or increasing renal blood flow, making it especially useful in patients with compromised kidney function. Commonly administered intravenously in critical care settings for acute blood pressure control. Also used during surgery to induce controlled hypotension and improve organ perfusion. Its renal protective effects support its use in perioperative and intensive care scenarios where preserving kidney function is critical.