Rifamycin B is primarily used as a precursor in the synthesis of semi-synthetic rifamycins, such as rifampicin, rifabutin, and rifapentine. These derivatives are widely applied in the treatment of bacterial infections, especially tuberculosis (TB). Rifamycin B itself exhibits antimicrobial activity, but its main value lies in its role as an intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It is also used in veterinary medicine for treating bacterial infections in animals. Additionally, rifamycin B and its derivatives have been explored for use in medical devices, such as antibiotic-coated implants and catheters, to prevent biofilm formation and device-related infections.