Oxfendazole is widely used as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic in veterinary medicine. It is effective against a variety of parasitic worms, including roundworms, lungworms, and gastrointestinal nematodes in livestock such as cattle, sheep, and pigs. It is also used in companion animals like dogs to treat infections caused by parasites such as hookworms and whipworms.

One of its key applications is in the treatment of benzimidazole-sensitive and resistant parasite strains, where it demonstrates superior efficacy due to its metabolic stability and prolonged activity. Oxfendazole is often administered orally and is valued for its ability to persist in the body, providing extended protection against re-infection.

In addition to veterinary use, oxfendazole is being investigated for human applications, particularly in the treatment of neglected tropical diseases such as cystic echinococcosis and neurocysticercosis. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier makes it a promising candidate for treating central nervous system infections caused by parasitic larvae. Clinical studies are ongoing to evaluate its safety and effectiveness in humans, especially in resource-limited settings.