Widely used in veterinary medicine, especially in livestock and aquaculture, to treat bacterial infections such as respiratory diseases, mastitis, and enteric infections. Commonly administered in feed, water, or by injection. Also applied in crop protection to control bacterial and fungal diseases in plants, particularly in fruit trees and vegetables. Frequently used in research laboratories as a selective agent in cell culture and molecular biology to maintain plasmid-containing cells. Its broad-spectrum activity makes it effective against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as some protozoa.