Used primarily as an antihypertensive agent, it acts as a central alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, reducing sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system, thereby lowering blood pressure. It has also been investigated for its potential in reducing protein misfolding stress, showing promise in preclinical studies for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s disease. Additionally, it has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in models of autoimmune diseases, suggesting possible repurposing for conditions like multiple sclerosis. Its ability to modulate cellular stress responses has led to research in rare diseases involving endoplasmic reticulum stress.