Used primarily in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). It functions by intercalating into DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II, which prevents cancer cells from replicating and leads to cell death. Administered intravenously, it is often part of induction chemotherapy regimens to achieve remission. Also used in some cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and certain solid tumors. Due to cardiotoxicity risks, cumulative lifetime doses are carefully monitored. Often combined with other chemotherapeutic agents like cytarabine for enhanced efficacy.