Calcium gluceptate is primarily used as a source of calcium in medical applications, particularly for the treatment and prevention of hypocalcemia. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly to patients unable to obtain sufficient calcium through diet, such as those with hypoparathyroidism, post-thyroidectomy, or requiring parenteral nutrition.

It helps manage symptoms of low blood calcium, including muscle cramps, tetany, and cardiac arrhythmias. Due to its good solubility and bioavailability, it is suitable for injectable formulations when rapid calcium replenishment is necessary.

Additionally, it may be used to mitigate vascular irritation from certain intravenous medications, such as iron sulfate, by protecting vessel walls. It serves as a calcium supplement in specialized nutritional formulations, supporting bone health and neuromuscular function, primarily in acute or clinical settings under medical supervision.