Used primarily as an anticancer agent, particularly in the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and testicular cancer. It is also effective against squamous cell carcinomas, including those of the head, neck, and cervix. Often included in combination chemotherapy regimens due to its unique mechanism of action involving DNA strand breakage. Commonly used in the BEACOPP and ABVD protocols for lymphoma. Also applied in the management of pleural effusions by sclerosing the pleural space to prevent fluid reaccumulation. Its use is limited by pulmonary toxicity, which requires careful monitoring of lung function during treatment.