Used primarily in epigenetic research and cancer therapy, this compound acts as a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, leading to demethylation of DNA and reactivation of silenced genes, particularly tumor suppressor genes. It is employed in the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Its ability to reverse abnormal gene methylation patterns makes it valuable in studying gene regulation, cellular differentiation, and potential therapies for other cancers and genetic disorders.